从茶多酚及氨基酸含量比较8种金花茶制茶适宜性 _茶叶技术

摘要　测定金花茶(Camellia nitidissima)、长柱金花茶（C .nitidissima form longistyla)、显脉金花茶（C.euphlebia）、平果金花茶(C.p ingguoensis)、东兴金花茶(C.tunghinensis) 、毛瓣金花茶(C.pubipetala)、毛籽金花茶(C.ptilosperma)、大样

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岗金花茶(C. longganensis var.grandis)的茶多酚类物质和氨基酸含量，并与市售茶叶(昭平仙回茶和灵山中秀福云绿茶)作对照。结果表明，各种金花茶的上述成分含量差异甚大，其中毛瓣金花茶幼叶多酚类物质含量最高(11.7%) ，但低于仙回茶(18.25%)和福云绿茶(16.62%) 。在所有试材中，毛瓣金花茶幼叶的氨基酸含量最高(6.3%) 。 8种金花茶(幼叶和成熟叶)酚/氨为0.6～3.1 ，均低于仙回茶(3.4)和福云绿茶(4.1)；综合评分为9.4～64.9 。毛瓣金花茶幼叶综合评分最高，但也低于2种市售茶。
　关键词　金花茶　茶多酚　氨基酸　制茶适宜性
　中图法分类号　S 571.9;S 685.99
Evaluation on Tea-process Fitness of Eight Yellow
Camellias Based on Tea Polyphenols and Amino Acids
Liang Ji　Yang Zhende　Lu Tianling　Huang Sumei
　Abstract　The contents of tea polyphenols and amino acids in fresh leaves of Camellia nitidissima,C.nitidissima form longistyla,C.euphlebia,C.pingguoensis,C.tunghinensis.C.pubipetala,C.ptilosperma,C.
longganensis var.grandis were examined for estimating the tea-process fitness of the yellow camellias,and the two common teas (Xianhui tea and Fuyun green tea) from market were also employed . The results showed that tea polyphe nols and amino acids were different between the camellias. C. pubipetala had the highest tea polyphenols(11.7%,yong leaves) in all species, lower than Xianhui tea(18.25%) and Fuyun green tea(16.62%),but it had the highest conten t of amino acids(6.3%,yong leaves) in all matrials, and had a top mark in the comprehensive scoring for yong leaves or mature leaves in all species. The ratio of tea polyphenol to amino acid was 0.6～3.1 in all species,lower than Xianhui tea(3.4) and Fuyun green tea (4.1).　Xianhui tea form
　Key words　yellow camellias,tea polyphenols,amino acids,tea-process fitness
金花茶于1960年在广西首先发现并于1965年正式发表后，引起了国内外植物界和园艺界的极大关注。迄今发现的金花茶种类已有20多个分类群［1,4］，但目前对各种金花茶的制茶适宜性尚缺乏系统研究。因此，本研究根据成品茶品质与鲜叶化学成分的关系，就影响与决定茶叶品质的一些生化指标进行测定分析，并以市售普通绿茶作参照，分析各种金花茶的制茶生化指标与普通成品茶的差异，为提高 “金花茶”茶制品的品质和合理选择制茶原料提供参考。
1　材料与方法
1.1　材料
供试材料采自广西大学林学院山茶物种园。种类有:金花茶(Camellia nitidissima )、长柱金花茶（C.nitidissima form longistyla)、显脉金花茶（C.euphlebia）、平果金花茶(C.pingguoensis)、东兴金花茶(C.tunghinensis) 、毛瓣金花茶(C.pubip etala)、毛籽金花茶(C.ptilosperma)、大样

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岗金花茶(C. longganensis var.gra ndis) 。以市售成品茶（昭平仙回茶和灵山中秀福云绿茶）作茶叶主要生化指标测定的参照。
1.2　生化指标的测定
取幼叶和成熟叶分别在105℃下烘干，磨碎过30目筛后供生化指标测定。茶多酚、氨基酸、儿茶素、黄酮类和花青素等含量测定按文献［5］的方法进行。
2　结果与分析
2.1　茶多酚类物质含量