虚拟语气的用法如何归纳 _小知识

虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。操作方式 01 一、虚拟前提句的根基类型

(1) 与此刻事实相反：若与此刻事实相反，前提从句的谓语用曩昔式(be凡是用were) ，本家儿句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词真相” 。如：

If we left now, we should arrive in good time. 假如我们此刻就走的话，我们就会实时达到。

(2) 与曩昔事实相反：若与曩昔事实相反，前提从句的谓语用曩昔完当作时(had+曩昔分词) ，本家儿句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+曩昔分词” 。如：

If he had been in that train then, he might have been killed in that accident. 若是那时他也在那列火车上，他可能就死于那场车祸了。

(3) 与未来事实相反：若与未来事实相反，前提从句的谓语用曩昔式(be凡是用were) ，本家儿句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词真相” 。如：

If he went ， would you go too? 若是他去，你也去吗？(大要他不会去)

If I asked him ， I'm sure he'd help us. 若是我标的目的他提出要求，必定他会帮忙我们。 (不外我不筹算这样做)

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02 二、错综时候虚拟前提句

所谓错综时候虚拟前提句即前提从句与本家儿句所指时候纷歧致，如从句指曩昔，而本家儿句即指的是此刻或未来，此时应按照具体的语境环境，连系上面提到的三种根基类型对时态作响应的调整。如：

If you'd listened to me, you wouldn't be in such trouble now. 若是你听了我的话，你此刻也不会有这样的麻烦了。

If you were in better health, we'd have let you go with us. 你如果身体好一点，我们就让你和我们一道去了。

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03 三、含蓄虚拟前提句

所谓含蓄虚拟前提句即指将前提从句埋没在上下文必然的短语中的一类前提句。如：

Anybody else would have believed you. 任何别人城市相信你的话了。

Without your help, I couldn't have achieved all this. 要不是有你帮忙，我不会取得这些当作就。

I would have written before, but I have been ill. 我本想给你写信的，但我生病了。

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04 四、if it weren't (wasn't) for与if it hadn't been for

这是两个很常用的虚拟语气句型，其意为“若不是(有)”“要不是有” ，与but for, without同义。如：

If it wasn't (weren't) for the children, we wouldn't have anything to talk about. 要不是因为孩子们，我们不会有什么可谈的。

If it hadn't been for the rain, we would have had a good harvest. 要不是有雨，我们本会获得一个大丰收的。

If it hadn't been for the doctor's care, I wouldn't have recovered so soon. 要不是大夫的赐顾帮衬，我不会痊愈得这么快。

注：一般说来， if it weren’t (wasn't) for 用于谈论此刻的环境，而if it hadn’t been for 用于谈论曩昔的环境。但现实上if it weren’t (wasn’t) for有时也可用于谈论曩昔的环境。