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的过去式和过去分词,过去式和过去分词是什么？( 五 )

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4)引导同位语从句
Can you answer the question when Penicillin was discovered？你能回答这和问题吗———盘尼西林是什么时候被发现的？
注意：when引导的主语从句有时会用形式主语it代替When the foreign friends will arrive is not known yet.=It is not known yet when the foreign friends will arrive.
5.引导时间状语从句，可译为“当…时候”，本文开始课文句子中的when即为此用法 。
When he got up，he felt dizzy.当起身时他感到头晕 。
When he looked back，the woman had disappeared.当他回头看时，那个女人已消失踪迹了 。
6.when引导从句的特例：
1)表示突然发生某事或紧接着发生某事，常可译为“…还没/刚刚…就…”，“…正在…忽然…”或“正要…这时…”，主要用于“had done…when…，be doing…when…和be about to do…when…”这三个句式
I had hardly opened the door when the man hit me.我刚打开门，那个人就打了我一拳 。
I was reading a book attentively when an old friend came to see me.我正在全神贯注地读一本书，忽然一位老友来访 。
I was about to swim in the river when the guide told me there was man-eating fish in it.我正要下河游泳这时导游告诉我河里有食人鱼 。
2)表示对比，常可译为“本该/本可以…却…”
Why are you here when you should be at school？你本应在上学，怎么会在这儿？
Why did you take a taxi when you could walk here within five minutes？你本来五分钟就可以走到这儿，为什么还打的？
3)表示让步，常可译为“既然”或“在…情况下”
How can they learn anything when they spend all their time watching TV？既然他们把所有的时间都花在了看电视上，又怎么会学到东西呢？

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